๐ Introduction, AWGN, and Rayleigh Fading ๐งฎ Simulator for the effect of AWGN and Rayleigh Fading on a BPSK Signal ๐งฎ MATLAB Codes ๐ Further Reading Wireless Signal Processing Gaussian and Rayleigh Distribution Difference between AWGN and Rayleigh Fading 1. Introduction Rayleigh fading coefficients and AWGN, or additive white gaussian noise [↗] , are two distinct factors that affect a wireless communication channel. In mathematics, we can express it in that way. Fig: Rayleigh Fading due to multi-paths Let's explore wireless communication under two common noise scenarios: AWGN (Additive White Gaussian Noise) and Rayleigh fading. y = h*x + n ... (i) Symbol '*' represents convolution. The transmitted signal x is multiplied by the channel coefficient or channel impulse response (h) in the equation above, and the symbol "n" stands for the white Gaussian noise that is added to the si...
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๐ Overview & Theory ๐งฎ Simulator for GMSK ๐งฎ MSK and GMSK: Understanding the Relationship ๐งฎ MATLAB Code for GMSK ๐ Simulation Results for GMSK ๐ Further Reading Dive into the fascinating world of GMSK modulation, where continuous phase modulation and spectral efficiency come together for robust communication systems! Core Process of GMSK Modulation Phase Accumulation (Integration of Filtered Signal) After applying Gaussian filtering to the Non-Return-to-Zero (NRZ) signal, we integrate the smoothed NRZ signal over time to produce a continuous phase signal: ฮธ(t) = ∫ 0 t m filtered (ฯ) dฯ This integration is crucial for avoiding abrupt phase transitions, ensuring smooth and continuous phase changes. Phase Modulation The next step involves using the phase signal to modulate a high-frequency carrier wave: s(t)...
๐ Overview ๐งฎ MATLAB Code for Estimation of SNR from FFT bins of a Noisy Signal ๐งฎ MATLAB Code for Estimation of Signal-to-Noise Ratio from Power Spectral Density Using FFT and Kaiser Window Periodogram from real signal data ๐ Further Reading Here, you can find the SNR of a received signal from periodogram / FFT bins using the Kaiser operator. The beta (ฮฒ) parameter characterizes the Kaiser window, which controls the trade-off between the main lobe width and the side lobe level in the frequency domain. For that you should know the sampling rate of the signal. The Kaiser window is a type of window function commonly used in signal processing, particularly for designing finite impulse response (FIR) filters and performing spectral analysis. It is a general-purpose window that allows for control over the trade-off between the main lobe width (frequency resolution) and side lobe levels (suppression of spectral leakage). The Kaiser window is defined...
๐ Overview ๐งฎ How to use MATLAB Simulink ๐งฎ Simulation of ASK using MATLAB Simulink ๐งฎ Simulation of FSK using MATLAB Simulink ๐งฎ Simulation of PSK using MATLAB Simulink ๐งฎ Simulator for ASK, FSK, and PSK ๐งฎ Digital Signal Processing Simulator ๐ Further Reading ASK, FSK & PSK HomePage MATLAB Simulation Simulation of Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) using MATLAB Simulink In Simulink, we pick different components/elements from MATLAB Simulink Library. Then we connect the components and perform a particular operation. Result A sine wave source, a pulse generator, a product block, a mux, and a scope are shown in the diagram above. The pulse generator generates the '1' and '0' bit sequences. Sine wave sources produce a specific amplitude and frequency. The scope displays the modulated signal as well as the original bit sequence created by the pulse generator. Mux is a tool for displaying b...
๐ Overview of QAM ๐งฎ MATLAB Code for m-ary QAM (4-QAM, 16-QAM, 32-QAM, ...) ๐งฎ Online Simulator for M-ary QAM Constellations ๐ Further Reading ๐ Other Topics on Constellation Diagrams of QAM configurations ... ๐งฎ MATLAB Code for 4-QAM ๐งฎ MATLAB Code for 16-QAM ๐งฎ MATLAB Code for m-ary QAM (4-QAM, 16-QAM, 32-QAM, ...) ๐งฎ Simulator for constellation diagrams of m-ary PSK ๐งฎ Simulator for constellation diagrams of m-ary QAM ๐งฎ Overview of Energy per Bit (Eb / N0) ๐งฎ Online Simulator for constellation diagrams of ASK, FSK, and PSK ๐งฎ Theory behind Constellation Diagrams of ASK, FSK, and PSK ๐งฎ MATLAB Codes for Constellation Diagrams of ASK, FSK, and PSK QAM Unlike M-ary PSK, where the signal is modulated with diffe...
๐ Overview ๐งฎ Simulator for calculating BER ๐งฎ MATLAB Codes for calculating theoretical BER ๐งฎ MATLAB Codes for calculating simulated BER ๐ Further Reading BER vs. SNR denotes how many bits in error are received for a given signal-to-noise ratio, typically measured in dB. Common noise types in wireless systems: 1. Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) 2. Rayleigh Fading AWGN adds random noise; Rayleigh fading attenuates the signal variably. A good SNR helps reduce these effects. Simulator for calculating BER vs SNR for binary ASK, FSK, and PSK Calculate BER for Binary ASK Modulation Enter SNR (dB): Calculate BER Calculate BER for Binary FSK Modulation Enter SNR (dB): Calculate BER Calculate BER for Binary PSK Modulation Enter SNR (dB): Calculate BER BER vs. SNR Curves MATLAB Code for Theoretical BER % The code is written by SalimWireless.Com clc; clear; close all; % SNR v...
๐ Overview of BER and SNR ๐งฎ Online Simulator for BER calculation of m-ary QAM and m-ary PSK ๐งฎ MATLAB Code for BER calculation of M-ary QAM, M-ary PSK, QPSK, BPSK, ... ๐ Further Reading ๐ View Other Topics on M-ary QAM, M-ary PSK, QPSK ... ๐งฎ Online Simulator for Constellation Diagram of m-ary QAM ๐งฎ Online Simulator for Constellation Diagram of m-ary PSK ๐งฎ MATLAB Code for BER calculation of ASK, FSK, and PSK ๐งฎ MATLAB Code for BER calculation of Alamouti Scheme ๐งฎ Different approaches to calculate BER vs SNR What is Bit Error Rate (BER)? The abbreviation BER stands for bit error rate, which indicates how many corrupted bits are received (after the demodulation process) compared to the total number of bits sent in a communication process. It is defined as, In mathematics, BER = (number of bits received in error / total number of transmitted bits) On the other hand, SNR ...
๐ Overview of Energy per Bit (Eb / N0) ๐งฎ Online Simulator for constellation diagrams of ASK, FSK, and PSK ๐งฎ Theory behind Constellation Diagrams of ASK, FSK, and PSK ๐งฎ MATLAB Codes for Constellation Diagrams of ASK, FSK, and PSK ๐ Further Reading ๐ Other Topics on Constellation Diagrams of ASK, PSK, and FSK ... ๐งฎ Simulator for constellation diagrams of m-ary PSK ๐งฎ Simulator for constellation diagrams of m-ary QAM BASK (Binary ASK) Modulation: Transmits one of two signals: 0 or -√Eb, where Eb is the energy per bit. These signals represent binary 0 and 1. BFSK (Binary FSK) Modulation: Transmits one of two signals: +√Eb ( On the y-axis, the phase shift of 90 degrees with respect to the x-axis, which is also termed phase offset ) or √Eb (on x-axis), where Eb is the energy per bit. These signals represent binary 0 and 1. BPSK (Binary PSK) Modulation: Transmits one of two signals...