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It's an Electronic Communication Systems-focused technical blog. In this blog, we'll discuss Electronic communication systems, Wireless Communication, Telecommunication, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G [Read More], IoTs, MIMO, Beamforming, Millimeter wave, UWB, Microwave links, Wireless channels, Modulation techniques, GATE ESE, UGC-NET, Project / Thesis ideas [↗], Electronics industry, Programming, Web design, Short term courses, etc.



Ask your questions in the forum [↗]. We post articles about wireless communication technologies such as Wireless, 5G, UWB, Millimeter wave, Beamforming, IoTs, and MATLAB. Web design, WordPress, and other related topics are also significant components of our site.

 


Constellation Diagrams

Digital communication is complete with constellation diagrams. If you have a digital communication interview, the interviewer will ask you to draw a constellation diagram.

Ber vs. S.NR

The relationship between BER and SNR reveals how many transmitted bits from a communication system are corrupted. Did you know? Bit error rates for practical communication systems are close to 10-5 or better.




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Wireless Communication Interview Questions | Page 2

Wireless Communication Interview Questions Page 1 | Page 2| Page 3| Page 4| Page 5   Digital Communication (Modulation Techniques, etc.) Importance of digital communication in competitive exams and core industries Q. What is coherence bandwidth? A. See the answer Q. What is flat fading and slow fading? A. See the answer . Q. What is a constellation diagram? Q. One application of QAM A. 802.11 (Wi-Fi) Q. Can you draw a constellation diagram of 4QPSK, BPSK, 16 QAM, etc. A.  Click here Q. Which modulation technique will you choose when the channel is extremely noisy, BPSK or 16 QAM? A. BPSK. PSK is less sensitive to noise as compared to Amplitude Modulation. We know QAM is a combination of Amplitude Modulation and PSK. Go through the chapter on  "Modulation Techniques" . Q.  Real-life application of QPSK modulation and demodulation Q. What is  OFDM?  Why do we use it? Q. What is the Cyclic prefix in OFDM?   Q. In a c...

Channel Impulse Response (CIR)

📘 Overview & Theory 📘 How CIR Affects the Signal 🧮 Online Channel Impulse Response Simulator 🧮 MATLAB Codes 📚 Further Reading What is the Channel Impulse Response (CIR)? The Channel Impulse Response (CIR) is a concept primarily used in the field of telecommunications and signal processing. It provides information about how a communication channel responds to an impulse signal. It describes the behavior of a communication channel in response to an impulse signal. In signal processing, an impulse signal has zero amplitude at all other times and amplitude ∞ at time 0 for the signal. Using a Dirac Delta function, we can approximate this. Fig: Dirac Delta Function The result of this calculation is that all frequencies are responded to equally by δ(t) . This is crucial since we never know which frequenci...

BER vs SNR for M-ary QAM, M-ary PSK, QPSK, BPSK, ...

📘 Overview of BER and SNR 🧮 Online Simulator for BER calculation of m-ary QAM and m-ary PSK 🧮 MATLAB Code for BER calculation of M-ary QAM, M-ary PSK, QPSK, BPSK, ... 📚 Further Reading 📂 View Other Topics on M-ary QAM, M-ary PSK, QPSK ... 🧮 Online Simulator for Constellation Diagram of m-ary QAM 🧮 Online Simulator for Constellation Diagram of m-ary PSK 🧮 MATLAB Code for BER calculation of ASK, FSK, and PSK 🧮 MATLAB Code for BER calculation of Alamouti Scheme 🧮 Different approaches to calculate BER vs SNR What is Bit Error Rate (BER)? The abbreviation BER stands for Bit Error Rate, which indicates how many corrupted bits are received (after the demodulation process) compared to the total number of bits sent in a communication process. BER = (number of bits received in error) / (total number of tran...

Online Simulator for ASK, FSK, and PSK

Try our new Digital Signal Processing Simulator!   Start Simulator for binary ASK Modulation Message Bits (e.g. 1,0,1,0) Carrier Frequency (Hz) Sampling Frequency (Hz) Run Simulation Simulator for binary FSK Modulation Input Bits (e.g. 1,0,1,0) Freq for '1' (Hz) Freq for '0' (Hz) Sampling Rate (Hz) Visualize FSK Signal Simulator for BPSK Modulation ...

Q-function in BER vs SNR Calculation

Q-function in BER vs. SNR Calculation In the context of Bit Error Rate (BER) and Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) calculations, the Q-function plays a significant role, especially in digital communications and signal processing . What is the Q-function? The Q-function is a mathematical function that represents the tail probability of the standard normal distribution. Specifically, it is defined as: Q(x) = (1 / sqrt(2Ī€)) ∫ₓ∞ e^(-t² / 2) dt In simpler terms, the Q-function gives the probability that a standard normal random variable exceeds a value x . This is closely related to the complementary cumulative distribution function of the normal distribution. The Role of the Q-function in BER vs. SNR The Q-function is widely used in the calculation of the Bit Error Rate (BER) in communication systems, particularly in systems like Binary Phase Shift Ke...

Gaussian minimum shift keying (GMSK)

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Difference between AWGN and Rayleigh Fading

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Antenna Gain-Combining Methods - EGC, MRC, SC, and RMSGC

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