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Channel estimation using Beam Steering


Channel estimation using Beam Steering

For millimetre wave communication we need site specific information about the particular environment for smooth communication between BS and UE (User Equipment) because propagation distance of millimetre wave in atmosphere is limited without beamforming or directional transmission of signal.

Figure 1: Beam training with analog architecture

Beam steering is usually used to find best beam pair between BS an UE. To enable beam steering we use codebook where like this

Where each element in codebook indicates the quantified azimuth (elevation) angles of departure and arrival are, respectively, ϕt l (θt l ) and ϕlr (θr l), That are assumed to cover the full ranges of angle of arrivals/departures (AoDs/AoAs) uniformly.

But one of the limitation of analog beamformer is that it can enable only single data stream between Tx and Rx. So, we need to deploy hybrid architecture.

Fig 2: Architecture of transceiver at Tx & Rx both which contains RF chains and baseband beamformers (Alkhateeb, 2014)


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