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Ideal Voltage Source vs Ideal Current Source

 

Ideal Voltage Source vs Ideal Current Source

Ideal Voltage Source vs Ideal Current Source

Ideal Voltage Source

An ideal voltage source maintains a constant voltage across its terminals regardless of the current drawn from it.

  • Voltage is fixed
  • Current can be anything
  • Internal resistance = 0 Ω

Implications:

  • Short circuit → current becomes infinite
  • Supplies whatever current is needed to maintain voltage

Example: A perfect 5V source always outputs 5V.

Ideal Current Source

An ideal current source delivers a constant current regardless of the voltage across it.

  • Current is fixed
  • Voltage can be anything
  • Internal resistance = ∞ (infinite)

Implications:

  • Open circuit → voltage becomes infinite
  • Generates any voltage required to maintain current

Example: A perfect 3A source always supplies 3A.

Comparison Table

Feature Ideal Voltage Source Ideal Current Source
Keeps constant Voltage Current
Internal resistance 0 Ω ∞ Ω
Short circuit Infinite current Safe (current fixed)
Open circuit Safe Infinite voltage

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