What is Quantization? Quantization: Quantization in Digital Signal Processing (DSP) is the process of mapping a large set of input values to a smaller set. It’s essential for converting analog signals into digital form. × Quantization Explanation For a signal varies from -8 V to +8 V, giving a total quantization range of 16 V. If the number of quantization levels is 4, the step size will be: \[ v_{\min} = -8, \quad v_{\max} = 8, \quad L = 4 \] Quantization step size: \[ \Delta = \frac{v_{\max} - v_{\min}}{L} = \frac{8 - (-8)}{4} = \frac{16}{4} = 4 \] Partition boundaries (decision levels): \[ p_0 = -8, \quad p_1 = -8 + 4 = -4, \quad p_2 = 0, \quad p_3 = 4, \quad p_4 = 8 \] Quantization codebook (reconstruction levels): \[ c_i = v_{\min} + \left(i + \frac{1}{2}\right) \Delta, \quad i = 0, 1, 2, 3 \] Calculate each codeword: \[ c_0 = -8 + \left(0 + \frac{...