Power Factor Calculator (Lagging and Leading) with Online Simulator

Power Factor Calculators: Lagging & Leading

Lagging Power Factor

Voltage (V):
Current (A):
Frequency (Hz):
Power Factor (lagging):

Leading Power Factor

Voltage (V):
Current (A):
Frequency (Hz):
Power Factor (leading):

How the Simulator Works (Math & Workflow)

This simulator calculates electrical parameters of an AC circuit based on user inputs like voltage, current, frequency, and power factor. It follows standard electrical engineering formulas step by step.

Step-by-Step Workflow

1. Input Values: User enters Voltage (V), Current (I), Frequency (f), and Power Factor (cosφ).
2. Calculate Impedance (Z):
Z = V / I
3. Calculate Resistance (R):
R = Z × cos(φ)
4. Calculate Reactance (X):
X = √(Z² − R²)
5. Determine Type of Reactance:
   • Lagging PF → Inductive Reactance (X_L)
   • Leading PF → Capacitive Reactance (X_C)
6. Calculate Inductance or Capacitance:
L = X_L / (2πf)     (for lagging)
C = 1 / (2πfX_C)     (for leading)
7. Calculate Phase Angle (φ):
φ = cos⁻¹(power factor)
8. Draw Phasor Diagram:
   • Voltage is taken as reference (horizontal axis).
   • Current is drawn:
     • Behind voltage → Lagging
     • Ahead of voltage → Leading
   • Angle between them = φ

Key Concepts Used

• Ohm’s Law (AC): V = IZ
• Power Factor: cos(φ)
• Reactance: Opposition to AC due to inductors/capacitors
• Phasors: Rotating vectors representing AC quantities

Summary

The simulator combines basic AC circuit laws with trigonometry to compute unknown values and visually represent the phase difference between voltage and current. This helps in understanding real-world electrical systems like motors (lagging) and capacitors (leading).