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BER vs SNR for M-ary QAM, M-ary PSK, QPSK, BPSK, ...(MATLAB Code + Simulator)

What is Bit Error Rate (BER)?

The abbreviation BER stands for Bit Error Rate, which indicates how many corrupted bits are received compared to the total number of bits sent.

BER = (number of bits received in error) / (total number of transmitted bits)

What is Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)?

SNR is the ratio of signal power to noise power, often expressed in decibels (dB):

SNR (dB) = 10 * log10(Signal Power / Noise Power)

For instance, an SNR of 3 dB means the signal power is approximately twice as strong as the noise power.

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Simulator for BER in M-ary PSK

Simulator for BER in M-ary QAM

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Comparison of BER vs. SNR for Various Modulation Techniques

Comparison of BER performance

BER vs. SNR Graph
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Higher-order modulation schemes are used for better bandwidth efficiency. For example, QPSK transmits 2 bits per symbol, doubling the data rate of BPSK.

Modulation Techniques No of Bits in a Symbol
BPSK1
QPSK2
8-PSK3
16-QAM4
64-QAM6







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